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Sakoku
was the
foreign relations policy
of
Japan
under which no foreigner could enter nor could any Japanese leave the country on
penalty of death
. The policy was enacted by the
Tokugawa shogunate
under
Tokugawa Iemitsu
through a number of edicts and policies from 1633–39 and remained in effect until 1853 with the arrival of the
Black Ships
of
Commodore Matthew Perry
and the forcible
opening of Japan
to Western trade. It was still illegal to leave Japan until the
Meiji Restoration
(1868). It was preceded by an era commonly referred to as
Sengoku
, or the Warring States period of Japanese history.
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