Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (
BPD; formerly
chronic lung disease of infancy) is a chronic
lung disorder of infants and children first described in 1967. It is more common in infants with
low birth weight and those who receive prolonged
mechanical ventilation to treat
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). It results in significant morbidity and mortality. The definition of BPD has continued to evolve since then primarily due to changes in the population, such as more survivors at earlier gestational ages, and improved neonatal management including surfactant, antenatal glucocorticoid therapy, and less aggressive mechanical ventilation.