Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular
oxygen at increased
partial pressures. It is also known as
oxygen toxicity syndrome,
oxygen intoxication, and
oxygen poisoning. Historically, the
central nervous system condition was called the
Paul Bert effect, and the
pulmonary condition the
Lorrain Smith effect, after the researchers who pioneered its discovery and description in the late 19th century. Severe cases can result in
cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system,
lungs and eyes. Oxygen toxicity is a concern for
underwater divers, those on high
concentrations of supplemental oxygen (particularly
premature babies), and those undergoing
hyperbaric oxygen therapy.