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Bakumatsu
refers to the final years of the
Edo period
when the
Tokugawa shogunate
ended. Between 1853 and 1867 Japan ended its
isolationist foreign policy
known as
sakoku
and changed from a
feudal
Tokugawa
shogunate to the pre-modern empire of the
Meiji government
. The major ideological-political divide during this period was between the pro-imperial
nationalist
s called
ishin shishi
and the
shogunate
forces, which included the elite
shinsengumi
swordsmen.
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