Catilinarian conspiracy or Cataline conspiracy may refer to:

• First Catilinarian conspiracy
• Second Catilinarian conspiracy

The second Catilinarian conspiracy, also known simply as the Catiline conspiracy, was a plot, devised by the Roman senator Catiline, with the help of a group of fellow aristocrats and disaffected veterans, to overthrow the Roman Republic. In 63 BC, Cicero exposed the plot, forcing Catiline to flee from Rome.