Not to be confused with the Duchies of Silesia and Austrian Silesia.

The Duchy of Silesia (, ) with its capital at Wroclaw was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland. Soon after it was formed under the Piast dynasty in 1138, it fragmented into various Duchies of Silesia. In 1327 the remaining Duchy of Wroclaw as well as most other duchies ruled by the Silesian Piasts passed to the  Kingdom of Bohemia as Duchies of Silesia. The acquisition was completed, when King Casimir III the Great of Poland renounced his rights to Silesia in the 1335 Treaty of Trentschin.