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Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi
(; ; ; 20 October 2011), commonly known as
Colonel Gaddafi
, was a
Libyan
revolutionary and politician who governed Libya as its primary leader from 1969 to 2011. Taking power in a coup d'etat, he ruled as Revolutionary Chairman of the
Libyan Arab Republic
from 1969 to 1977 and then as the "
Brotherly Leader
" of the
Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
from 1977 to 2011, when he was ousted in the
Libyan Civil War
. Initially developing his own variant of
Arab nationalism
and
Arab socialism
known as the
Third International Theory
, he later embraced
Pan-Africanism
and served as
Chairperson
of the
African Union
from 2009 to 2010.
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