Red Guards were
paramilitary volunteer formations consisting mainly of factory workers, peasants,
cossacks and partially of soldiers and sailors for "protection of the Soviet power". Red Guards were a transitional military force of the collapsing
Imperial Russian Army and the base formations of Bolsheviks during the
October Revolution and the first months of the Civil War. Most of them were formed in the time frame of the
Russian Revolution of 1917 and some of the units were reorganized into the
Red Army during 1918. The Red Guards formations were organized across most of the former
Russian Empire, including territories outside of the contemporary
Russian Federation such as
Finland,
Estonia,
Ukraine, others. They were not centralized and were formed by decision of a local party and Soviet authorities.