Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (
Middle English:
Sir Gawayn and þe Grene Knyȝt) is a late 14th-century Middle English
chivalric romance. It is one of the best known Arthurian stories, with its plot combining two types of folklore motifs, the beheading game and the exchange of winnings. The Green Knight is interpreted by some as a representation of the
Green Man of folklore and by others as an allusion to Christ. Written in stanzas of
alliterative verse, each of which ends in a rhyming
bob and wheel, it draws on
Welsh, Irish and English stories, as well as the French
chivalric tradition. It is an important poem in the
romance genre, which typically involves a hero who goes on a quest which tests his prowess, and it remains popular to this day in modern English renderings from
J. R. R. Tolkien,
Simon Armitage and others, as well as through film and stage adaptations.