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Spanish Constitution of 1812
The
Spanish Constitution of 1812
was established on 19 March 1812 by the
Cádiz Cortes
,
Spain
's first national
sovereign assembly
, the
Cortes Generales
("General Courts"), in refuge in
Cádiz
during the
Peninsular War
. It established the principles of
universal male suffrage
,
national sovereignty
,
constitutional monarchy
and
freedom of the press
, and supported
land reform
and
free enterprise
. This
constitution
, one of the most
liberal
of its time, was effectively Spain's first (see
Constitutions of Spain
), given that the
Bayonne Statute
issued in 1808 under
Joseph Bonaparte
never entered into effect.
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