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The Protectorate
The
Protectorate
was the period during the
Commonwealth
(or, to monarchists, the
Interregnum
) when
England
(which at that time included
Wales
),
Ireland
and
Scotland
were governed by a
Lord Protector
. The Protectorate began in 1653 when, following the dissolution of the
Rump Parliament
and then
Barebone's Parliament
,
Oliver Cromwell
was appointed Lord Protector of the
Commonwealth
under the terms of the
Instrument of Government
. In 1659 the Protectorate Parliament was dissolved by the
Committee of Safety
as
Richard Cromwell
, who had succeeded his father as Lord Protector, was unable to keep control of the Parliament and the Army. This marked the end of the Protectorate and the start of a second period of rule by the Rump Parliament as the legislature and the
Council of State
as the executive.
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