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Tongva people
The
Tongva
( ) are
Native American
s who inhabited the
Los Angeles Basin
and the
Southern Channel Islands
, an area covering approximately . The Tongva are also known as the
Gabrieleño
,
Fernandeño
, and
Nicoleño
—Europeanized names that were assigned to the Tongva after
Spanish colonization
.
Gabrieleño
and
Fernandeño
are derived from the names of
Spanish missions
built on or near the tribes' territory—
Mission San Gabriel Arcángel
and
Mission San Fernando Rey de España
, respectively—while
Nicoleño
is derived from
San Nicolas Island
. Along with the neighboring
Chumash
, the Tongva were the most powerful indigenous people to inhabit
Southern California
. At the time of European contact, they may have numbered 5,000 to 10,000.
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