The
Treaty of Fort Jackson (also known as the
Treaty with the Creeks, 1814) was signed on August 9, 1814 at
Fort Jackson near
Wetumpka, Alabama following the defeat of the
Red Stick (Upper
Creek) resistance by
United States allied forces at the
Battle of Horseshoe Bend. It occurred on the banks of the
Tallapoosa River near the present city of
Alexander City, Alabama. The
U.S. force, led by General
Andrew Jackson, consisted mainly of the West Tennessee Militia and
39th United States Infantry, allied with several groups of
Cherokee and Lower Creek friendly to the American side. The Upper Creek were led by Chief
Menawa, who fled with hundreds of survivors into
Florida, where they allied with the
Seminole. The surrender ended the
Creek War, which the
United States was fighting simultaneously with the
War of 1812.