The Turks of the Dodecanese form a 5,000-strong community of Turkish-speaking people and ethnic Turks living on the Dodecanese islands of Rhodes  and Kos  who were not affected by the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, since the islands were under the rule of the Kingdom of Italy at the time (from 1912). All inhabitants of the islands became Greek citizens after 1947 when the islands became part of Greece.