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United States circuit court
Not to be confused with the current
United States courts of appeals
.
The
United States circuit courts
were the original intermediate level courts of the
United States federal court system
. They were established by the
Judiciary Act of 1789
. They had trial court jurisdiction over civil suits of
diversity jurisdiction
and major federal crimes. They also had
appellate jurisdiction
over the
United States district courts
. The
Judiciary Act of 1891
(, also known as the
Evarts Act
) transferred their appellate jurisdiction to the newly created United States circuit courts of appeals, which are now known as the
United States courts of appeals
. On January 1, 1912, the effective date of the
Judicial Code of 1911
, the circuit courts were abolished, with their remaining trial court jurisdiction transferred to the U.S. district courts.
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