Walter Kaufmann (1 April 1907 – 9 September 1984) was a composer, conductor, musicologist, and educator. Born in  Karlsbad, Bohemia (at that time part of Austria-Hungary), Kaufmann enjoyed a career that crossed international boundaries, taking him to Berlin, Bombay (now Mumbai), London, and Canada, before he settled in Bloomington, Indiana, USA in 1957. After 1945 he was not allowed to come back to Bohemia because of his German ethnicity. In 1964, he became a naturalized U.S. citizen.