Whitsun (also
Whitsunday,
Whit Sunday or
Whit) is the name used in
Great Britain and
Ireland for the Christian festival of
Pentecost, the seventh Sunday after
Easter, which commemorates the descent of the
Holy Spirit upon Christ's disciples (
Acts of the Apostles chapter 2). In England it took on some characteristics of
Beltane, which originated from the pagan celebration of Summer's Day, the beginning of the summer half-year, in Europe.
Whitsuntide, the week following Whitsunday, was one of three vacation weeks for the medieval
villein; on most manors he was free from service on the lord's
demesne this week, which marked a pause in the agricultural year.
Whit Monday, the day after Whitsun, remained a holiday in the
UK until 1978 when the
movable holiday was replaced with the fixed
Spring Bank Holiday in late May. Whit was the occasion for varied forms of celebration. In the
North West of England, church and chapel parades called Whit Walks still take place at this time (sometimes on Whit Friday, the Friday after Whitsun). Typically, the parades include brass bands and choirs; girls attending are dressed in white. Traditionally, Whit fairs (sometimes called
Whitsun ales) took place. Other customs such as
Morris dancing were associated with Whitsun, although in most cases they have been transferred to the
Spring Bank Holiday.
Whaddon, Cambridgeshire has its own Whitsun tradition of singing a unique song around the village before and on Whit Sunday itself.