Magnesium is an essential element
in biological systems.
Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg
2+ ion. It is an essential mineral
nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every
cell type in every organism. For example,
ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in cells, must be bound to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active. What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP. As such, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all
polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with the synthesis of
DNA and
RNA.