Electoral reform is change in electoral systems to improve how public desires are expressed in election results. That can include reforms of:

• Voting systems, such as proportional representation, a two-round system (runoff voting), instant-runoff voting, Instant Round Robin Voting called Condorcet Voting, approval voting, citizen initiatives and referendums and recall elections.
• Vote-counting procedures
• Rules about political parties, typically changes to election laws
• Eligibility to vote
• How candidates and political parties are able to stand (nomination rules) and how they are able to get their names onto ballots (ballot access)
• Electoral constituencies and election district borders
• Ballot design and voting equipment
• Scrutineering (election monitoring by candidates, political parties, etc.)
• Safety of voters and election workers
• Measures against bribery, coercion, and conflicts of interest
• Financing of candidates' and referendum campaigns
• Factors which affect the rate of voter participation (voter turnout)