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Electrochemical gradient
An
electrochemical gradient
is a
gradient
of
electrochemical potential
, usually for an
ion
that can move across a
membrane
. The gradient consists of two parts, the
electrical potential
and a difference in the chemical
concentration
across a membrane. The difference of
electrochemical potentials
can be interpreted as a type of
potential energy
available for work in a cell. The energy is stored in the form of
chemical potential
, which accounts for an ion's
concentration gradient
across a
cell membrane
, and
electrostatic energy
, which accounts for an ion's tendency to move under influence of the
transmembrane potential
.
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