Game theory is "the study of
mathematical models of conflict and cooperation between intelligent rational decision-makers." Game theory is mainly used in
economics,
political science, and
psychology, as well as
logic,
computer science,
biology and
poker. Originally, it addressed
zero-sum games, in which one person's gains result in losses for the other participants. Today, game theory applies to a wide range of behavioral relations, and is now an
umbrella term for the science of logical decision making in humans, animals, and computers.