Mustaʾmīn (Arabic: مستأمن) is an
Islamic classification for a
non-Muslim foreigner (
harbi; from
Dar al-Harb, i.e. non-Muslim governed territories) who only temporarily resides in Muslim lands (
Dar al-Islam) via a short-term
safe-conduct (
aman mu'aqqat) which affords the musta'min the protected status of
dhimmis (non-Muslim subjects permanently living in a Muslim-ruled land) without having to pay the
jizya. This would include
merchants,
messengers, and
students and other groups that could be given an
aman, or pledge of security. Foreign envoys and emissaries are automatically protected by
aman. The imam is permitted to grant an
aman to any number, including entire populations. Any private Muslim individual has the juridical competence to grant an
aman to as many as ten who are otherwise denizens of the Dar al-Harb.