Abdullah I bin al-Hussein, King of Jordan (,
Abd Allah ibn al-Husayn, February 1882 – 20 July 1951) born in
Mecca,
Hejaz,
Ottoman Empire (in modern-day
Saudi Arabia) was the second of three sons of
Hussein bin Ali,
Sharif and Emir of Mecca and his first wife Abdiyya bint Abdullah (d. 1886). He was educated in
Constantinople and Hejaz. From 1909 to 1914, Abdullah sat in the Ottoman legislature, as deputy for
Mecca, but allied with Britain during World War I. Between 1916 to 1918, working with the British guerrilla leader
T. E. Lawrence, he played a key role as architect and planner of the
Great Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule, leading guerrilla raids on garrisons. He was the ruler of
Transjordan and its successor state,
Jordan, from 1921 to 1951—first as
Emir under a British
Mandate from 1921 to 1946, then as King of an independent nation from 1946 until his assassination in 1951.