The
Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the
Transcontinental Treaty, the
Florida Purchase Treaty, or the
Florida Treaty, was a treaty between the
United States and
Spain in 1819 that ceded
Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and
New Spain. It settled a standing border dispute between the two countries and was considered a triumph of American diplomacy. It came in the midst of increasing tensions related to Spain's territorial boundaries in North America vs. the United States and Great Britain in the aftermath of the American Revolution; and also during the
Latin American Wars of Independence. Florida had become a burden to Spain, which could not afford to send settlers or garrisons.
Madrid decided to cede the territory to the United States through the Adams–Onís Treaty in exchange for settling the boundary dispute along the
Sabine River in
Spanish Texas. The treaty established the boundary of U.S. territory and claims through the Rocky Mountains and west to the Pacific Ocean, in exchange for the U.S. paying residents' claims against the Spanish government up to a total of $5,000,000 and relinquishing the US claims on parts of Spanish Texas west of the
Sabine River and other Spanish areas, under the terms of the
Louisiana Purchase.