Amartya Kumar Sen (pronounced , born 3 November 1933) is an
Indian economist and philosopher of Bengali ethnicity, who since 1972 has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sen has made contributions to
welfare economics,
social choice theory,
economic and
social justice, economic theories of
famines, and indexes of the measure of well-being of citizens of developing countries. He was awarded the
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1998 and
Bharat Ratna in 1999 for his work in welfare economics. He was also awarded the inaugural Charleston-EFG John Maynard Keynes Prize in recognition of his work on
welfare economics in February 2015 during a reception at the Royal Academy in the UK.