Benedict Leonard Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore (21 March 1679 – 16 April 1715) was an
English nobleman and politician. He was the second son of
Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore (1637–1715) by Jane Lowe, and became his father's heir upon the death of his elder brother Cecil in 1681. The 3rd Lord Baltimore was a devout
Roman Catholic, and had lost his title to the Province of Maryland shortly after the events of the
Glorious Revolution in 1688, which saw the Protestant monarchs
William and Mary accede to the British throne. Benedict Calvert would make strenuous attempts to have his family's title to Maryland restored by renouncing
Roman Catholicism and joining the
Church of England.