A
closing argument,
summation, or
summing up is the concluding statement of each party's
counsel reiterating the important
arguments for the
trier of fact, often the jury, in a
court case. A closing argument occurs after the presentation of
evidence. A closing argument may not contain any new information and may only use
evidence introduced at trial. It is not customary to raise
objections during closing arguments, except for egregious behavior. However, such objections, when made, can prove critical later in order to preserve appellate issues.