Eli Lilly (July 8, 1838 – June 6, 1898) was an American soldier, pharmacist, chemist, and businessman. He was the founder of the
Eli Lilly and Company pharmaceutical corporation. Lilly enlisted in the
Union Army during the
American Civil War; he recruited a company of men to serve with him in an artillery battery, was later promoted to
colonel, and was given command of a
cavalry unit. He was captured near the end of the war and held as a
prisoner of war until its conclusion. After the war, he attempted to run a
plantation in
Mississippi, but failed and returned to his pharmacy profession after the death of his wife. Lilly remarried and worked in several pharmacies with partners before opening his own business in 1876 with plans to manufacture drugs and market them
wholesale to pharmacies.