Deliberately causing
death through the effects of
combustion, or effects of exposure to extreme heat, has a long history as a form of capital punishment. Many societies have employed it as an execution method for activities considered criminal such as
treason, rebellious actions by slaves,
heresy,
witchcraft and demonstrated sexual transgressions, such as
incest or
homosexuality. The best known type of executions of death by burning is when the condemned is bound to a large wooden stake. This is usually called
burning at the stake (or, in some cases,
auto-da-fé). But other forms of death resulting from exposure to extreme heat are known, not only by exposure to flames or burning materials. For example, pouring substances, such as molten metal, onto a person (or down their throat or into their ears) are attested, as well as enclosing persons within, or attaching them to, metal contraptions subsequently heated.
Immersion in a heated liquid as a form of execution is reviewed in
death by boiling.