Frederick I (; 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as
Frederick Barbarossa, was the
Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death. He was elected
King of Germany at
Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in
Aachen on 9 March 1152. He became
King of Italy in 1155 and was crowned
Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155. Two years later, the term
sacrum ("holy") first appeared in a document in connection with his Empire. He was later formally crowned
King of Burgundy, at
Arles on 30 June 1178. He got the name
Barbarossa from the northern Italian cities he attempted to rule: Barbarossa means "red beard" in
Italian; in German, he was known as
Kaiser Rotbart, which has the same meaning.