Fritz Wolfgang London (March 7, 1900 – March 30, 1954) was a German-born American
physicist and professor at
Duke University. His fundamental contributions to the theories of chemical bonding and of intermolecular forces (
London dispersion forces) are today considered classic and are discussed in standard textbooks of physical chemistry. With his brother
Heinz London, he made a significant contribution to understanding electromagnetic properties of superconductors with the
London equations and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on five separate occasions.