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History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel
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History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel
The
Jewish people
have long maintained both physical and religious ties with the
land of Israel
. The first appearance of the name "Israel" in the historic record is the
Merneptah Stele
,
circa
1200 BCE. During the biblical period, two kingdoms occupied the highland zone, the
Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
in the north and the
Kingdom of Judah
in the south. The Kingdom of Israel was
conquered
by the
Neo-Assyrian Empire
(
circa
722 BCE) and the Kingdom of Judah by the
Neo-Babylonian Empire
(586 BCE). Upon the defeat of the Babylonian Empire by the
Achaemenid Empire
under
Cyrus the Great
, the Jewish elite
returned to Jerusalem
and the
Second Temple
was built.
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