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House of Lancaster
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
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House of Lancaster
House of Lancaster
was the name of two
cadet branches
of the royal
House of Plantagenet
. The first house was created when
Henry III of England
created the
Earldom of Lancaster
from which the house was namedfor his second son
Edmund Crouchback
in 1267. Edmund had already been created
Earl of Leicester
in 1265 and was granted the lands and privileges of
Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester
, after de Montfort's death and
attainder
at the end of the
Second Barons' War
. When Edmund's son
Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
, inherited his father-in-law's estates and title of
Earl of Lincoln
he became at a stroke the most powerful nobleman in England, with lands throughout the kingdom and the ability to raise vast private armies to wield power at national and local levels. This brought himand
Henry
, his younger brotherinto conflict with their cousin
Edward II of England
, leading to Thomas's execution. Henry inherited Thomas's titles and he and his son, who was also called
Henry
, gave loyal service to Edward's son
Edward III of England
.
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