Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was the
first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as the paramount leader of the
Indian independence movement under the tutelage of
Mahatma Gandhi and ruled India from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He is considered to be the architect of the modern Indian nation-state: a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. He was also known as
Pandit Nehru due to his roots with
Kashmiri Pandit community while many Indian children knew him as "Uncle Nehru" (
Chacha Nehru).