Negro Rebellion

The Negro Rebellion (, "Armed Uprising of the Independents of Color"; also known as the Little Race War, War of 1912, or The Twelve) was an armed conflict in Cuba, between Afro-Cuban rebels on one side and the Cuban and US military on the other. It took place in 1912, mainly in the eastern region of the island where most Afro-Cubans were employed. The conflict saw the widespread massacre of Afro-Cubans by the Cuban Army, and an intervention by the United States military. Both the massacre and the presence of American troops quelled the violence so the unrest and the occupation ended after only a few weeks. The Afro-Cubans' leaders, Evaristo Estenoz and Pedro Ivonnet, were killed during the rebellion and their party, the Independent Party of Color, was dissolved.