Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701), was the younger son of
Louis XIII of France and his wife,
Anne of Austria. His older brother was
Louis XIV,
le roi soleil. Styled
Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became
Duke of Orléans upon the death of his uncle
Gaston in 1660. In 1661, Philippe also received the dukedoms of
Valois and
Chartres. Following Philippe's victory in battle in 1671, Louis XIV added the
dukedom of Nemours, the
marquisates of Coucy and Folembray, and the
countships of Dourdan and Romorantin. During the reign of his brother he was known simply as
Monsieur, the traditional style at the court of France for the younger brother of the king.