Pope Julius II (; 5 December 1443 – 21 February 1513), nicknamed "The Fearsome Pope" and "The Warrior Pope", born
Giuliano della Rovere, was
Pope from 1 November 1503 to his death in 1513. His papacy was marked by an active foreign policy, ambitious building projects, and
patronage for the arts—he commissioned the destruction and rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica, plus
Michelangelo's decoration of the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.