Restoration comedy refers to English
comedies written and performed in the
Restoration period from 1660 to 1710.
Comedy of manners is used as a synonym of Restoration comedy. After public stage performances had been banned for 18 years by the
Puritan regime, the re-opening of the theatres in 1660 signalled a renaissance of
English drama. Restoration comedy is notorious for its
sexual explicitness, a quality encouraged by
Charles II (1660–1685) personally and by the
rakish aristocratic ethos of his
court. The socially diverse audiences included both aristocrats, their servants and hangers-on, and a substantial middle-class segment. These playgoers were attracted to the comedies by up-to-the-minute topical writing, by crowded and bustling plots, by the introduction of the first professional actresses, and by the rise of the first celebrity actors. This period saw the first professional female playwright,
Aphra Behn.