The
Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667, also called
Thirteen Years' War,
First Northern War, or the
War for Ukraine, was a major conflict between
Tsardom of Russia and the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Between 1655 and 1660, the
Second Northern War was also fought in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, thus this period became known in Poland as
"The Deluge". The Commonwealth initially suffered defeats, but regained its ground and won most of the battles. However its plundered economy was not able to fund the long conflict. Facing internal crisis and civil war, Poland was forced to sign a truce. The war ended with significant Russian territorial gains and marked the beginning of the rise of Russia as a
great power in
Eastern Europe.