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Additional
Vernacular Chinese
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Written vernacular Chinese
Written Vernacular Chinese
refers to forms of
written Chinese
based on the
varieties of Chinese
spoken throughout China, in contrast to
Classical Chinese
, the
written standard
used during imperial China to the early twentieth century. A written vernacular based on
Mandarin Chinese
was used in novels in the
Ming
and
Qing
dynasties, and later refined by intellectuals associated with the
May Fourth Movement
. Since the early 1920s, this modern vernacular form has been the standard style of writing for speakers of all
varieties of Chinese
throughout mainland
China
,
Taiwan
,
Malaysia
and
Singapore
as the written form of
Modern Standard Chinese
. This is commonly called
Standard Written Chinese
or
Modern Written Chinese
to avoid ambiguity with
spoken vernaculars
, with the written vernaculars of earlier eras, and with modern unofficial written vernaculars such as
written Cantonese
or
written Hokkien
.
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