A
crag (sometimes spelled
cragg, or in Scotland
craig) is a rocky hill or mountain, generally isolated from other high ground. Crags are formed when a
glacier or
ice sheet passes over an area that contains a particularly resistant rock formation (often a
granite,
volcanic plug or some other
volcanic structure). The force of the glacier
erodes the surrounding softer material, leaving the rocky block protruding from the surrounding terrain. Frequently the crag serves as a partial shelter to softer material in the wake of the glacier, which remains as a gradual fan or ridge forming a tapered ramp (called the
tail) up the leeward side of the crag.