Four-wave mixing (FWM) is an
intermodulation phenomenon in
non-linear optics, whereby interactions between two or three wavelengths produce two or one new wavelengths. It is similar to the
third-order intercept point in electrical systems. Four-wave mixing can be compared to the
intermodulation distortion in standard electrical systems. It is a parametric nonlinear process, in that the energy of the incoming photons is
conserved. FWM is a phase-sensitive process, in that the efficiency of the process is strongly affected by phase matching conditions.