Ibid. (
Latin, short for
ibidem, meaning "in the same place") is the term used to provide an
endnote or
footnote citation or
reference for a
source that was cited in the preceding endnote or footnote. This is similar in meaning to
idem (meaning something that has been mentioned previously; the same), abbreviated
Id., which is commonly used in
legal citation. To find the
ibid. source, one must look at the reference preceding it.