The
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (
UNCLOS), also called the
Law of the Sea Convention or the
Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982. The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine
natural resources. The Convention, concluded in 1982, replaced four 1958
treaties. UNCLOS came into force in 1994, a year after
Guyana became the 60th nation to sign the treaty. , 166 countries and the
European Union have joined in the Convention. However, it is uncertain as to what extent the Convention codifies
customary international law.