Mathematical sciences is a group of areas of study that includes, in addition to
mathematics, those
academic disciplines that are primarily
mathematical in nature but may not be universally considered subfields of
mathematics proper.
Statistics, for example, is mathematical in its methods but grew out of scientific observations which merged with
inverse probability and grew through applications in the
social sciences, some areas of
physics and
biometrics to become its own separate, though closely allied field.
Computer science,
computational science,
population genetics,
operations research,
cryptology,
econometrics,
theoretical physics, and
actuarial science are other fields that may be considered part of mathematical sciences.