A
government or division of government (i.e. on a municipal, provincial/state level) may declare that their area is in a
state of emergency. This means that the government can suspend and/or change some functions of the executive, the legislative and/or the judiciary during this period of time. It alerts citizens to change their normal behavior and orders government agencies to implement emergency plans. A government can declare a state of emergency during a time of natural or human-made disaster, during a period of civil unrest, or following a
declaration of war or situation of international/internal
armed conflict.
Justitium is its equivalent in Roman law, where Senate could put forward
senatus consultum ultimum.