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Centum and satem languages
Languages of the Indo-European family are classified as either centum languages or satem languages, according how the dorsal consonants (sounds of "K" and "G" type) of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) developed. An example of the different developments is provided by the words for "hundred" found in the early attested IE languages: in centum languages these typically began with a sound (Latin centum was pronounced with initial /k/), while in satem languages they often began with (the example satem comes from the Avestan language of Zoroastrian scripture).

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