Chuzhou is a prefecture-level city in eastern Anhui Province, China. It borders the provincial capital of Hefei to the southwest, Huainan to the west, Bengbu to the northwest, Chaohu to the south, and the province of Jiangsu to the east. According to the 2010 Census, the city of Chuzhou has a registered population of 3,937,868 inhabitants, whom 562,321 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of 2 urban districts. Nevertheless, 7,260,240 persons declared to be permanent residents.

Chuzhou or Chu Prefecture (楚州) was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China seated in modern Huai'an, Jiangsu, China. It existed (intermittently) from 581 to 1228.