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Dipole
In
electromagnetism, there are two kinds of
dipoles:
- An electric dipole is a separation of positive and negative charges. The simplest example of this is a pair of electric charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign, separated by some (usually small) distance. A permanent electric dipole is called an electret.
- A magnetic dipole is a closed circulation of electric current. A simple example of this is a single loop of wire with some constant current through it.