The
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (
ESEA) was passed as a part of
United States President Lyndon B. Johnson's "
War on Poverty" and has been the most far-reaching federal legislation affecting education ever passed by the
United States Congress. The act is an extensive statute that funds
primary and
secondary education. It also emphasizes equal access to education and establishes high standards and accountability. In addition, the bill aims to shorten the
achievement gaps between students by providing each child with fair and equal opportunities to achieve an exceptional education. As mandated in the act, the funds are authorized for
professional development, instructional materials, for resources to support educational programs, and for parental involvement promotion. The act was originally authorized through 1965; however, the government has reauthorized the act every five years since its enactment. The reauthorization of ESEA by President
George W. Bush was known as the
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The ESEA also allows
military recruiters access to
11th and
12th grade students' names, addresses, and telephone listings when requested.